The Target Audience is really important when it comes to film making and needs to be thought about very carefully. You need to make sure that the target audience is appropriate for the type of film you are creating for example if your film has a lot of violence emotional fighting scenes with bad language and some reference to sexual scene then the target audience for that film would probably be 18 years and older and so you wouldn't show the film to a 3 year old child, however the target audience isn't just the age rating of the people watching it is also the type of genre people like as well, as not every body is the same and so that needs taking into account ; So for example if I was making a comedy film with some language and racial comments then my target audience would probably be 12 years or older but who also loves to have a laugh and enjoys comedy films.
As part of out research for our final thriller opening scene we had to research what target audience would best fit our final product so to help we got a few ideas from Pearl and Dean and here is what we found.
The Gift
As you can probably see from the screenshot above the genre of the film, The Gift is a thriller and so their for fits in to our product as our final product will also be a thriller. The target audience is for people aged between 15 and 24.
We chose to base our film Fatal Envy on the gift as it contains similar characteristics( generic conventions) of a thriller. The main one being the idea of someone stalking a character. The film also has the same age rating as Fatal Envy helping up get some ideas of what our final product should look like and the sort of tension we can build in our final film. It also helps give us an understanding of what our audience is looking for helping us to develop a good quality film that people will want to watch. In the film their is a scene where someone is seen stalking another character. In this seen the producer and director uses a lot of camera shots and camera works such as a low angle to show vulnerability as well as the use of low key lighting to give he scene a feel of tension. This fits into our final production as we will also be using low angle shots to show the character is vulnerable and will also use low key lighting to build tension. The gift also fits to our final product as it started of with the main character being bullying another character.
Insidious
This is a horror/thriller film. Once again with a target audience of 15 to 24 ( popular for a thriller films) with The cliff hangers used with in the film similarities are seen between Insidious and our film Fatal Envy. We chose to research the film Insidious as we found it a good film to gain some inspiration for what soundtracks and effects we could use for our film to help build tension. A range of sound effects and sound tracks will be used. The film also helped us gain some ideas for our cliff hangers.
So after we researched our target audience we created a tap for who our target audience will be and here it is.
In this post I will take you through out production group our name and our logo and also
Our production team includes 3 people Sara(pronounced Sarah), Nareece and me Sarah however if we were to call our team name by our names it would be a bit boring and unprofessional and so we had to come up with a team name, Sounds easy right, well that what we though to begin with but after a few ideas had been given we realized that this wasn't going to be easy. We wanted a name that would symbolize what our group is; how we present ourselves to the viewers. So after a few ideas, some fall outs and a lot of scrap paper we eventually came up with a name that we could all be proud of. The name we chose was REGIUM.
At this point you might be thinking well why Regium, Well we chose Regium as it means royal in Latin. When you think of royal it says power that you are better then the rest and that is how we wanted our production team to come across to the viewers. We also chose Regium as our films are of a high and better quality.
So Know it time to show you our logo.
Our first draft of our logo was hand drawn on a piece of paper and looked like this
So to make our Logo look more professional we edited it and made it via a computer the out come was amazing.
The symbol is a Triskelion Celtic symbol and meant competition and man's progress. It is a greek symbol called Triskelion witch translates to three- legs running. We were inspired to use this symbol from the TV program Tyna wolf and also Merlin(the BBC TV program).
The symbol relates to femininity and as we are a group of girls the symbol worked quiet nicely the femininity is also portrayed as the symbol is shaded a light purple making us as a team stand out through the crowd.
Reasoning behind the Logo and production name.
Helps to move forward as we want to be the ones to create bigger and better quality films
Add mystery it tells the audience that were no one for a stereotypical story line like jaws we want to be different to be unusual.
How we created the logo?
We first designed the logo on a scrap piece of paper and was hand drawn and colored in however to make look more professional we edited it via a computer. We used a program called Paint.net witch allows us to draw designs using shapes, lines and curve tool it also allowed us to color our design in what we wanted it colored.
In my next post I will be talking about Identifying my target audience
In this post I will talk about the show don't tell production we as a group of four had to put together.
"Don't tell me the moon is shining; show me the glint of the light on broken glass- Anton Chekhov"
For our show don't tell project we had to create a short film of two people playing some sort of game; however we weren't allowed to use any dialogue only music and sound effects. The film had to include cutaway, match on action, tilts, shot reverse shot, two shot an establishing shot, cross cutting, insert shot, appropriate camera shots, sound effect, sound tracks and a basic titles and credits; however some of the things we didn't included as it may of been disturbing for the audience such as in side of the toilets. We also didn't include a camera zoom.
So then it came to editing we had to include several sound effects so that the film became interesting for the audience. as well as sound effects we had to add some music that would help build tension and give the audience an on edge feel.
Here is our final Show don't tell project. Enjoy
All together we were allowed two hours to film and edit this Show don't tell so to use all the time to our advantage we made a little plan that included what time we was going to do witch part.
And here it is.
Planning and story board 8:50 to 9:25
Shooting on location 9:25 to 10:10
Editing 10:10 to 10:50
Exhibit 10:50 to 10:55
We as group tried to stick to these very strict time slots we had put together however due to some mistakes and errors that we had to redo we ran over and so had to do the editing and make any tweaks on the shots in our own time. This did become hard as we had to find out what day and when all of us were free but we manged to get over it.
As the show and tell was a sort of practice we was able to look at it and see what we did wrong and how we could improve our techniques for our final project and hear is what we found with a lot of help from our teacher Mr Hood and his companions.
Chose a appropriate film title
we would of had an establishing shot at the beginning instead of going straight to a two shot
Try to get the characters head fully in the frame.
Check for wasted space get the shots a bit neater
check time frames it make sure it realistic
Here is our teachers feedback (good use of a voice over here)
In my next post I will be talking about my Production Team Name and our Logo.
As a class the genre we decided to do was thriller. So know we need to know what type of devises or techniques are used when making a thriller film. To help you understand this further, in this post I will show you deconstructing evidence of two thriller films one we did as a class the other I did by my self to help me gain my Knowledge a bit further.
Here is the one we did as a class to start of with, the film was sixth sense
In this post I will take you through each evaluation project.Even though we are only in the early stages of the production process it proves helpful to know what lines we need to travel;what we need to work towards so that we can get the best out of our production. These questions are from the OCR exam board. In what ways does your media product use, develop or challenge forms and conventions of real media products?
This Question talks about what your final production should achieve.It also states that it should be linked to a specific genre (in our case thriller) your product should include typical conventions of a thriller such as stereotypes and also subversion's and these should be portrayed in our final products. The film must be kept as a thriller and must not sink into another genre such as horror and the story line must be clear. How does your media product represent particular social groups?
This in one of the most important questions that must be taken on board when it comes to planning the product. We have to include the classification of the film, the target audience of the film whether the film includes or is representing at least one of the social groups such as religion, sexuality, gender, etc. and makes sure their not being portrayed in a way that may be offensive to the audience. What kind of media institution might distribute your media product and why?
This isn't as important in the early stages of the production as the distributions isn't thought about till we reach the end of the production, however the question is still important and will need to be thought about carefully. Who would be the audience for your media product?
This question cannot be taken into account as, as of yet we don't actually know the story line and we wouldn't be able to add a target audience as we don't know yet what the film will include. This decision will be made once we have a clearer understanding of our product and will be thought about very carefully.
How did you attract/address your audience?
We decided our genre to be thriller. We have to take into account what makes a good thriller what techniques a thriller film has and what draws in the audience.;What is it about thrillers that the audience can't keep away from. We have to take in account though of what Steve Neale states in his theory that the film has to be different to other thrillers as it may become boring and audiences won't want to watch it. What have you learnt about technologies from the process of constructing this product?
This question can only really be answered once we have completed our final product as this is when we can look back at our product and evaluate how each element and technique has helped us to create a good quality opening to a film such as camera work and lighting. Looking back at your preliminary task, what do you feel you have learnt in the progression for it to the full product?
The preliminary task has helped me develop my skills in how to work a camera and also gain knowledge and understanding in different media terms such as in camera work were you use a tilt. we should have more understanding in how to use each piece of equipment needed to make a film and means that we should improve when come to making the final product.
To get good marks in our final product we have to say in detail what it is we have done and also make sure we follow the brief and the mark scheme. a lot has to be taken on board when coming to the final product but if we stick to the brief and mark scheme we should have no problems.
In my next post i will show you 2 deconstructions of thriller films.
So in this post I Will talk about what our final product will have to include and also what we need to create,
So let's get started.
The final product piece for our media product is "The titles and opening of a new fiction film, to last a maximum of two minutes."
This means that we will produce a 2 minute long opening scene of a film, However each team must have a different idea to another teams. Also the opening scene must include opening titles in someway and also meet a specific style of genre.
As a class we decided to use thriller for the genre of our films this was a hard decision to make as we could of done quiet a lot with the other genres two however thriller seemed the most practical as the other genres did have their good sides but also their drawbacks in terms of creating and meeting the criteria. So at this point you may be asking yourself "well why?"
well know I will explain.
Pros and cons of different genres.
Comedy the pros
Comedy hasn't got a specific style of setting and so you can film a comedy in almost any location. This would make it very beneficial as you wouldn't have to worry as much about were you need to film it.
It is a very easy way to entertain the audience and get them interacted
You don't need a lot of expensive props.
You don't have to create any difficult special effects.
Doesn't need to have amazing actors as long as the can read and say the pre-written script.
Cons of comedy
People sense of humor isn't all the same ( and i mean life would boring if it was) what I could find really funny someone else may not.
Comedy genres tend to entwine with other genres such as romance this may become confusing to the audience.
It would be really hard to portray to the audience that this was a comedy in just to minuets as a lot of the comedy is done through a specific piece in the dialogue.
Horror the pros
The audience will be looking for thrills and so would be easy to get them intrigued and wanting them to watch more.
It would allow your creative side to come out as you could be as creative as you like.
Their will also be lots of opportunity for you to develop editing skills and also gives room for special effects.
Horror the cons
Props make up and -consumes it may be hard to make them look realistic and also effective.
Advanced filming equipment would be needed as most horror films are shot in the dark or in a location were the lighting in low key.
It would also prove difficult to find a good story line that hasn't already been used.
Story lines can be complex and extremely detailed.
Romance the pros
No complex props, consume or location will need to be used
Can be produced on a reasonably low budget
It also appeals to most teenagers meaning most viewers are able to relate a similar scenario
Romance the cons
The actors have to be convincing and believable otherwise some scenes will just no work.
The dialogue has to be interesting enough to make the viewer grow an attachment to the character
some scene may be unacceptable for some viewers
Romance in normally preferred by one genre.
In my next post I will talk about Early Consideration of the Evaluation Questions.
Now we move onto 22 narrative theories. This theory were trying to say that all narratives can fit in to at least one of the narrative category. Below I have embedded a Picture that tells you all 22 narrative theories
Narrative theory is the way in witch a story is told both in fictional and non-fictional media context. Now three people had a strong view when it came to stories or films and came up with two different stories. Their names were Tzventan Todorov, Vidimar Prop's Steve Neale
Here are Todorov's and Propps theories. ( I have put them in an emaze to make it easier to read)
Steve Neale's theory.
In my next post I will talk about 22 narrative stories
Film classification is the age rage or rating that is put on to a movie that tell you who can watch the film or who a suited to watch the film according to the British board of film classification these ratings include
Suitable for all ( U )
Parental guidance ( PG)
Cinema releases suitable for 12 years of older ( 12 A )
Video releases suitable for 12 years and older ( 12 )
Suitable for only 15 years and older ( 15)
Suitable only for adults ( 18 )
Adult works for licensed premises only
However you may find it easier if you new what the symbols looked like so here you are;
These guidelines are given to every film made in the UK according to what appears in the film. But who makes this guidelines? Well that will be the British board of film classification. All films that are made have to go through this board so that they can choose what certificate the film should be rated this is chosen carefully according to if the film involves issues such as
Discrimination
Drugs
Horror
Imitable behavior
Bad language
Sex
Nudity
Sexual violence
Violence
Racial comments
Context
So as you can see these certificates are really important to films and so is essential to get it right.These certificates aren't given for no reason their are given so that your friends and family can be kept safe and also so children can't be influenced or exposed to things they shouldn't be such as violence or bad language.
To explain this further here some more information. Sorry in advance for the repetition but it takes you through each of the certificates and explains them well.
Here is another example;
So what do each of the certificates actually mean;
The U in this certificate stands for universal.A film rated U means that is suitable for persons aged 4 years and older however some children may find the film upsetting and so parents are asked to view the film before showing it to their children. Language in a U rated film may be mild with the odd use of words such as Damn or hell. Characters may also be seen kissing or hugging with some sexual behavior however their very very mild. Violence is very unlikely in a universal film but if their is, it will be very mild such as brief fighting scenes or moments where characters could be seen as in danger. Their will be no potential danger or anti social behavior in the film that young children could copy. No drugs, anti drugs or educational messages about drugs will be shown in a U rated film in any circumstances.A U film can express any genre or style of film as long as it is appropriate for a young audience. However i'm not saying that all U films are for children. U film will normally contain positive messages about loyalty friendship and honesty and may well have a happy ending.
Here is an example of a universal picture;
PG stands for parental guidance. This means that the film is suitable for general viewing but some scenes may not be suitable for younger children as they might find them upsetting this may mean that parents may want to view the film before they show it to their kids. Language in a PG film will be quit mild such as "shit" or "son of a bitch" however if the language is given in an aggressive manor or is frequent then the film may be given a higher rating.Their is unlikely to be any sexual references unless it is in a way that is unlikely to be understood by a younger audience.Violent scenes will also be mild blood may be seen in a PG film however no detail of the wound will be seen or given. Violence is generally seen in historical, comedic and fantasy film setting because of the distance it provides. In PG film they may be some reference toward illegal drugs or drug misuse however they are not portrayed in detail. drugs are not put into PG films if it involves any educational messages or if they show the characters taking them.A PG film will not contain any scenes that are inappropriate for a young child.PG films will also explore issues such as bulling and racism but in a way that children will understand that this sort of behavior is wrong.
Here is a example of a parental guidance film
A film that is rated 12A and video works 12 contains scenes that aren't suitable for persons under 12 years of age. The A in the 12A rating means person under 12 can't watch the film in cinemas unless they are accompanied by an adult however the parent or adult taking the person that is younger then 12 to see a 12 rated film should check to see if the film is suitable for the child before viewing.But what is the difference between the two? Well the 12A is used in cinemas mainly it means that a person under the age of 12 who wish to see the movie needs to be accompanied by an adult. A cinema found letting people under the age of 12 watch a film without an adult may lose their license.The 12 rating is mainly used in video works such as DVDs. It is because the persons cannot be checked if they are going to watch it with an adult and so the 12 remains and mean a person under 12 cannot purchase or watch the film. A film rated at 12 may contain moderate language such as f*** ,bitch or twat depending on the manner in which it is used. If the language is being put across as aggressive or abusive then the film may be rated higher . Their will also be no sexual, racial or religions comments that may be found offensive to viewers.Sexual behavior will be brief and discreet and sexual language will only be used if it is suitable for young teenagers. 12 rated films may also contain brief nudity in sexual context. Moderate violence may also be seen in films that rated 12 how ever will not be portrayed in detail but may be some gory scenes such as a blooded wounds. Long fighting scenes with weapons may also be seen in a 12 rated film however weapons that can be easy accessible to younger people such as a knife should not be used. Sexual violence such as abuse or rape may also be portrayed Briefly.They may also be scenes that contain drug misuse or illegal highs.
If you need some more info here is a short film that explains the 12A and 12 rating clearly
Here is an example of a 12/12A rated film;
A 15 symbol means that no person under the age of 15 are allowed to see, buy or rent movies or video works. A 15 rated film may include things such as:
Strong violence
Strong language
Sexual activities
Strong references of sex
Sexual nudity
Brief scenes of sexual violence or verbal sexual violence
Drug taking
Discriminating language or behavior
In a 15 rated film they will be a great deal of strong language such as F*** or c*** depending on the manner in witch it is used or who is using it. However if the language continues to be aggressive then it is likely for the rating to be higher-ed.15 rated films may also contain racist, homophobic or other discriminatory comments however the scenes will be very brief and non-detailed.They may also be long sex scenes as well however with no strong detail. Sexual nudity may also be shown how ever it is usually with no strong detail. They may also be scenes of sexual violence such as rape or verbal behavior. A 15 rated film may also contain strong violence such as long fighting scenes with weapons although they will be some gory details such as wounds and blood more stronger scenes of gory will not be portrayed.Drug use may also be shown however no education of how to take drugs should be will be portrayed.
Here is an example of a film rated 15
Films that are rated an 18 are for adults viewing only. Any one under 18 are not aloud to watch buy or rent a 18 film in any circumstances as they are not suitable for children. This is because some scenes may come across as offensive even to the more mature audience. 18 rated films may contains things such as
Very strong violence
Lots of strong language such as F*** or C***
Strong and long scenes of sexual activities
Strong sexual violence
Strong horror
Strong bloody and gory scenes
Discriminating language or behavior
In a 18 rated film their is no limit on the amount of language that is used and can also come across as aggressive or offensive to the viewer. It is also likely that racist or homophobic language could be seen to and may be given in and offensive manor. Main characters may also be seen engaging with the discriminating language and behavior.Films rated 18 may also portray strong scenes of full nudity as well as long detailed sexual scenes and also elements of real sex may also be portrayed.Sexual education such as human sexuality or safer sex or images of sex may also be included. 18 rated film will also include strong scenes of violence that include strong gory images as well as death and dangerous weapons may also be seen being used. They may also be sexual violence portrayed as well.Drugs may also be seen being taken or shown but doesn't promote drug misuse in any circumstances.18 rated films may also cover difficult or strong subjects and also Strong criminal behavior.
R18 films are known as restricted 18 films. These films include strong sex and full nudity material involving adults. These sort of films can only be seen in specially licensed cinemas and sex shops and only shown to adults.
Here is an example of an 18 rated film.
In my next post I will be talking about narrative theories
Film studio ident are short clips that companies such as paramount use to identify themselves and help them be recognize by the audience. Film idents are more commonly used by film distributors but can be used by any company. The importance of idents are that there used for marketing and advert reasons and can also be informative to the audience.An example of film ident is;
Warner brothers
The Warner brothers ident has always been the same a shield floating in the clouds with initials of Warner brothers stamped in the middle. This has stayed this way for many years or has it in actual fact the Warner brothers has actually seen a surprising number of different designs and ideas. The Warner brothers ident is set in a crisp blue sky with brilliantly white clouds around it this tell us that they care a lot about the way they are portrayed and so take a lot of effort in all that they do. This makes the audience feel that much care has been taken in the ident and so the film must be good to. When the ident starts it begins with a street the ripple effect makes the audience feel like their on a journey this is trying to put across that Warner brothers have been on a long and tiring journey through their life time to get to where they are now. Near the end the shield can be seen moving center stage this tell the viewer that they have made it they are well known and stand above all the rest center stage. At the beginning of the ident the music is quiet calm and collected this tells the audience that in their life time they've been on a rocky path to get to where they are now and also gives them a sense of safety. The music tells them that the movie is safe to watch and that they won't be disappointed. Near the endd of the ident the music becomes louder and demanding this tell us that they have made it to the top and there not afraid to show their power of authority.Another example of a film indent is;
Paramount
This ident make you think of fairy tails like princess or something like that, this may intrigue the the audience as it gives a feel of safety and calmness. It may also help set the atmosphere for the movie as the music is also very calming and so would settle the viewer down and get them interested before the movie begins. The paramount ident uses a large mountain that overlook some smaller mountains and is seen to be touching the sky. This portrays paramount as very power full and that they are bigger and better then the other companies.It also shows that they have very high expectations as a company and make sure that they overlook everyone else. The stars symbolizes that they rate their company quiet high and also makes the audience feel that they wont be disappointed.
Metro Goldwyn Mayer
Now this is one of my favorite idents this may be because it is so quick and simple but actually portrays quiet a lot.The fact that they have chose a lion symbolizes how great and powerful they believe their company to be. It is also quiet ironic that they have chosen the lion as it is well known as the king of the jungle and so is symbolizing that there company over rules the rest. The fact that they have used the color gold signifies there wealth and power and is also a statement of immortality and so symbolizes that their not going anywhere yet.
Rank organisation
This is another short but powerful ident as it portrays the power of the British film productions.The thrilling sight of the famous gong man was and still is England's biggest and finest film distributor.When this is seen at the beginning of films it is a symbol of power. People react to this ident in a way that is quit reminiscent of attracting peoples attention as it did in homes of yesterday year. The gong has a way of bringing people in. When this is shown at the beginning of films it tells the audience that they are about to experience another brilliant and intriguing film.The gong man simply epitomized ( to contain or represent) the best in film making.
How idents change according to a film.
Some film distributors like to change the style or genre of their ident so that it fits with the film they are about to watch here are some examples
Warner brothers Harry Potter ident
Warner brothers changed their ident to make it fit the harry potter films they did this by using music from harry potter and also giving an Eyre twist on the shield and background this is so it gives you a feel of how the film is going to be.
In my next post I will talk about film classification
A title sequence is a method in which films or TV programs present their title. It is a term that describes the craft and design of film title sequences. It is an essential part of a motion picture. A title sequence is a way to subsume opening credits in a way that entertains the audience and draws them in to watching the film. These type of title sequences not only helps draw in the audience but also helps to tell the audience what type of film it is and also helps us to identify the settings and tones of the film or program for example;
Musical
Still
Image
Graphics
Animation
Live action
Title sequences are seen in many film and programs here are a few examples.
This is a great example of a film title sequence. It gives you a sort of plot to what is going to happen in the film without someone actually telling you. It walks through each stage of the film.It allows the audience to get a feel of the film and what the film will be about without having to watch the film. As a whole the film title has been but together in a tremendous way. The animated moving black lines help you to follow the path of the main man in the animation. It is effective and attractive to the viewer. The use of color and simple effects make it easier to follow. In a way the music helps give the title a sense of suspicion as it has an uneasy feel to it giving the idea that someone may be on the run.It is also a great film title sequence as the text used in has been blended into the graphics.
Another example is,
The title sequence to fault is our stars is very calm and simple but actually tells the audience quiet a lot about the style and genre of the film.The music helps to build a feel of emotion to the viewer. This title sequence also buts across that the film may be delicate to some people who may have experienced the same sort of story in their life this is shown by the slowness of the graphics and also the flowers and so helps bring a feel of contentedness towards the film and its viewers. At 24 seconds a book is seen that opens and welcomes you in this to me suggests that the film it based on someones life or is a true story and so when the book opens you are entering their life to see it from their point of view. It may also imply that the film is based around a novel. At 28 seconds a roller coaster is seen this suggest to the viewer that the film is full of ups and downs in terms of emotion and also gives some background information for example the main character has lung cancer and has to carry an oxygen tank around with her. Her life has been a long and painful journey this is why an airplane is seen flying across the sky.
Brief history of title sequences
In this clip it gives you brief history of title sequences.
When title sequences first begun simple title cards were used to begin and end silent films such as Charlie Chaplin.They were used to simply identify the film and the production company and also used to tell the audience the film had started.
As time went on film was getting more and more wanted by the public and so forced the major film studios to invest more into the making of the title sequence to make them more attractive to the audience. As time went on title sequences started to include sounds and graphics until eventually it got included with the opening credits bringing us into the title sequences we know and love today.
For more information please visit Brief history of Title sequences.
In our class each member was asked to watch the opening sequences of 3 films of different genres. We did this so that we could see if other films followed a similar sequence.
By doing this we found that most of the films followed a similar pattern with the film distributor being seen first and the director being last however is some occasions the director was in the last few credits and other occasions where the director wasn't mentioned at all.
Also by doing the task we found that the majority of musicals tend to leave their credits till the end. for example hair spray.
In film making opening credits are shown at the beginning of the film. The majority of films always start with the names that are the most important and also the major actors and the crew.
In our final film we have to use opening credits and as a result we were asked to look up 3 different films (live action) and show the structure the film makers have used for the opening credits.
The opening sequence for drive is the following;
Film title
main cast
casting by
costume by
music by
production designer
edited by
director of photography
executive producer
produced by
based on the book by
screen play by
directed by
The opening sequence for forest gump is the following;
film distributor(paramount)
presented by
production company
main actor
film title
main cast
casting by
co-producer
executive music producer
visual effects supervisor
costumes designed by
music by
edited by
production designer
director of photography
based on the novel by
screen play by
produced by
directed by
The opening credits for grease is the following;
Film distributor(paramount)
production company
film title
main cast
dances and musical sequences staged and choreographed by
music supervision
music and lyrics by
associate producer
produced on the Broadway stage by
in association with
edited by
production designed by
director and photography
based on the musical by
screen play by
adaptation by
produced by
directed by
Spidermans opening sequence is the following;
Film distributor (Columbia)
production company
film title
main cast
casting by
music by
costume designer
visual effects designed by
film editor
production designer
director of photography
co-producer
executive producer
produced by
based on the marvel comic book by
screen story by
screenplay by
directed by
Film use opening credits to highlight the important people who made that film however most of the credits are left till the end of the film.
In my next posted i will i will be talking about film title conventions
Three point lighting is a technique used in visual media such as film or video. This technique uses three lights.
Key light: This point to the object or person diagonally and is the main light and the more stronger light of the three, however if only this light was used it would form a shadow on the one side of the face or subject, so to cancel the shadow out a second light is used called the,
Fill light: This is placed on the opposite side to the main light ( key light) and its use is to cancel out the shadow that is created by the key light. The fill is a softer light compared with the key. How ever if you only use these to light the subject or person would look as if their in the back ground so to correct this and bring the subject to the front a third light is added this is called the
Back light this is placed at the back of the subject. and its purpose is to highlight the subject outline and helps it separate the object from the background. (bringing the subject to the front)
So that we could gain further knowledge of what three point lighting is we did a mini work shop to explain. This is shown below. PS excuse my stuttering voice on this video.
A dolly is a specialized piece of material for film making and is designed to create a smooth camera movement. The dolly is a cart that travels along tracks and the camera is mounted on top of the dolly the camera operator usually ride on the dolly to operate the camera.
So that we understood the dolly we did a work shop where a lady called Tina showed us how to do an arc shot using the dolly and a tracking shot. Our trials are shown below.
So here is our attempts at an arc and tracking shot however this didn't come automatically we did encounter some issues. Them being one in the arc shot were the camera moved closer and closer to the actress. We also had problems with the tracking shot as we couldn't find the right speed to move the camera this meant the person didn't keep in the center of the frame and in some occasions couldn't see the actress at all however after a couple of trial and error we manged to get the hang of it and produced the videos above. Before i did this work shop all i new was that a dolly shot was a camera mounted on to the dolly and the camera operator moved it around however by doing this work shop I have manged to understand the dolly much further and some different techniques that can be done by using the dolly.
A dolly used is seen quiet a lot in film making,
Here are some examples of a dolly shot used in films.
Another example of a dolly and tracking shot in film is
Golden watch
Kill bill
In my next post i will talk about 3 point lighting.
So what is film distribution?
Film distribution is basically making a film available to the public(viewer) to watch. It is normally the responsibility of the film distributor such as Warner Bros or 20th Century Fox. They may also set the release date for the film or program. Films have to be but through a film distributor before it is but on the market and viewed by the public (audience) if you still need more understanding of what a film distribution is then please watch the following videos.
Here is a list of a the major distributions in this country,
Warner brothers
20th century fox
Andaman animations
Artificial eye
Axiom film
Lions gate
Columbia pictures
Diffusion pictures
Dog woof pictures
E1 entertainment
Here are some examples,
Here is another example (sorry for the Daniel Radcliffe theme that I seem to have going on; Think you can guess my favorite actor)
Here is a an example of what the film distributors do.
On this post I will give you a summary of the preliminary task. The original idea
Our original idea was about some one giving some good news to another person but unfortunately when we filmed the footage we found out that we couldn't use the footage as we couldn't edit a match on action due to the actress walking incorrectly and so we had to re-film and edit all over again. We used the same ideas but tried using different actresses this time it worked and could edit the match on action successfully. Our preliminary task made us laugh so much as we decided the good news to be about a new cake. hey why not ? What we manged to include?
In the preliminary task we manged to include
A match on action
Character opening a door
A character walking across a room and sitting down opposite another character
And the exchange of some dialogue
Over all I'm pretty amazed and pleased how it turned out we didn't encounter any jump cuts and the match on action worked like a bomb.So it was the best we could of hoped for.
However we did encounter some problems along the way to start with the location we decided to use wasn't the best spot as we had a lot of noise and people walking by. The location we picked was our school canteen or also known as the year nine area because of this we did encounter a continuity error as at approx 0.07 seconds in to the shot we catch a climes of a dinner ladies arm.
We originally added a shot reverse shot to our task how ever we decided to add a 2 shot in between them meaning it was no longer a shot reverse shot. This happens at approx 0.11-0.we also broke the 180 degree rule. Once we identified the errors we had made we reedited the film. and sorted our continuities.
On my next post i will being Explaing what film distribution is
The exam board asked us to do a continuity task that involved filming and also editing a short film this had to include a character opening a door, crossing a room, and sitting opposite another character.The characters had to share some dialogue to each other. the tasks should include a match on action,180 degree rule and a shot reverse shot
In my next post i will talk about the summary of the prelim task
Well on this post I will talk you through some of the basic rules that are needed in filming such as the 180 degree rule, The 30 degree rule, rule of thirds and continuity.
180 degree rule
The 180 degree rule is one of the most important rules in filming. When using this rule you need to imagine a line called the axis and by keeping the camera on the one side of this axis for every scene the character should always be framed on the right of the second character or object. If the rule is broken then it may cause a continuity error as the character or object would keep changing sides.
Here is a picture to help you understand.
If your still having trouble understanding the 180 degree rule then here's a couple of videos to help you.
The 30 degree rule
The 30 degree rule changes the shot enough to avoid a jump shot. The 30 degree rule is a film editing which means that the camera should move 30 degrees between shot of the same subject or object.If the rule isn't followed correctly it may give you a jump shot.Below is a video explaining further the 30 degree rule.
The rule of thirds
This technique can be used in filming and photography it's one of the most common used in all filming and photos.
The grid is made up of 9 squares 3 by 3 or you may now it as a nuts and crosses grid it helps concentrate on the important part in the image.
Now on the picture you may be wondering why there is some red circles well that is because where the two lines meet each other is where the main focus is and where the main focus of your picture should line up, However you may not want the main part of the picture at the dominant part of the picture and so you could line up the grid with another part.
Here is a short video to explain the rule of thirds deeper.
Continuity
A continuity errors are errors that are not meant to be filmed or not meant to be filmed that way as they do not follow the story line or the time period that the film was meant to be set for example if your watching a film and in one shot you see a man holding a cup in his left hand but then on the next shot his holding it in his right but its still in the same scene that's a continuity error. These errors are often seen in many films as once the film has finished it quiet hard to go back and mend the error especially if the error is only small. I myself quiet enjoy finding errors in films some of them make you laugh and others make you think "Well how did they miss that". Here is a video that explains continuity errors.
As I am a big fan of Harry Potter I thought my example would be from the harry potter films.
Hey welcome back, in this post I will take you through the different types of basic editing which you need to now before editing any footage. Straight cut
This is where a cut has been used between two shots. They can be used to move between scenes or shots an example of this is shown below. I'm sorry in advance for the video but it shows you an example of what a straight cut is.
Split edit
Split edits which are also known as L cut is an edit transition from one shot to the other in film. It is where the picture or sound operates at the same time but the transition is not occurring together in the same space or time. Split edits can be used to hide transitions between scenes and are great when editing scenes with dialogue, as you can hear the person talking but the camera is focusing on the other characters facial expressions instead.
Match on action
Match on action is a simple and easy edit how ever it is an essential technique. It means when something happens in a scene then there is a cut the piece of action must go on. Mach on action is when the shot is cut to show another angle but of the same thing. Below is an example of a match on action.
On my next post I will be taking you through some basic but important rules that are used in filming.
In this post i will show you different types of shots and camera movements. These are really important in film making as without them the film would be very bare and boring. Shot types and camera movements give the film some meaning and feeling.
The video below will take you through some of the different shot types how ever some not all of them appear in this video.
Shot types
Some more shot types the guy in the video forgot to mentions is;
POV (point of view)
This is a short scene from a film that shows what the charters is looking at this short shot normally shows the object and the characters reaction to it. Basically showing the object from the characters point of view.
Here is an example
Graphic match
This is a cut that is in between objects or spaces however the two cuts have to be similar in focus to each other this also helps give a smooth transition.
Here is an example
Ariel shot
This is where a shot is taken from a high level for example from a helicopter (a good example of this is the beginning of the famous musical the sound of music) or a tall building. it doesn't necessarily have to be a moving camera it could just be a still shot.
Here is an example
Bridging shot
This is a shot used to cover a jump shop or in place of a continuity.
Here is an example
And finally a Montage shot
This is where a series of short shots are edited into a sequence this helps to save space, time and information.
Here is an example
Camera movements
As you can probably tell from the name camera movements are the way in which a camera is moved in a films. It helps give a film understanding, meaning and feeling. many of them are quiet simple to do and recognize however other can become a bit confusing and need a bit of practicing to get it right.
I will know show you a video on all the different types of camera movements
I would say the man in this video gets a bit excited over camera movement.
Now i will describe some of the movements already covered in the videos above but will also explain some others.as well.
Crab
This is another word for tracking.
Dolly
This is where a camera is mounted on a cart and travels along a track. This helps give a smooth movement. It can be used to follow a characters movement. This is also known as a tracking shot.
Here is an example
Dolly zoom
This is a technique that is used to either zoom in closer to an object of zoom out. Is used by simply adjusting the zoom angle keeping the subject the same size.
Here is an example
Follow
As you could probably guess the follow simply follows the subject at a reasonably constant distance. Pan
This is where the camera simply moves horizontally left or right normally performed with the camera on its tripod.
Here is an example
pedestal
This is where the camera position is moved vertically with regards to the subject.
Here is an example
Tilt
This is the vertical movement of the camera up or down on the tripod as opposed to moving the whole camera. This could be used to film some one sitting down.
Here is an example
Track
This is more the less the same as the dolly shot but which stays at a constant distance from the action especially side to side.
Here is an example of a tracking shot from Kill bill.
Truck
This is another word for tracking or dolly.
Zoom
This isn't a camera movement. Well to be truth full it isn't it is simply a change in the focal lens length. It does make it look like the camera is moving further away or closer to the subject.
Here is an example
Well now you know all the different shot types and camera movement you can toddle of and have a go at them your self you never know you could be the next Ron Howard.... err yes well moving on remember to come back and Follow the rest of my journey.
In my next post i will talk you through basic editing. see you then.
